Iphepha lendlu yangasese, elaziwa ngokuba yiphepha lendlu yangasese elikrunekileyo, lisetyenziswa kakhulu kucoceko lwabantu lwemihla ngemihla kwaye lolunye lweentlobo zephepha eziyimfuneko ebantwini. Ukuze iphepha lendlu yangasese lithambe, iindlela zoomatshini zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukukrunekisa iphepha kwaye zonyuse ukuthamba kwephepha lendlu yangasese. Zininzi izinto zokwenza iphepha lendlu yangasese. Ezisetyenziswa kakhulu yi-cotton pulp, i-wood pulp, i-grass pulp, i-waste paper pulp, njl.
NguArthur owasungula iphepha langasese.Shigutuo. Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yama-20, phantse kwiminyaka elikhulu eyadlulayo, iShigutuo Paper Company yaseMelika yathenga iphepha elininzi, elalingasetyenziswa ngenxa yokungakhathali kwinkqubo yokuthutha, okwabangela ukuba iphepha libe manzi kwaye lishwabane. Ejongene nendawo yokugcina iphepha elingasebenziyo, wonke umntu wayengazi ukuba enze ntoni. Kwintlanganiso yabaphathi, umntu othile wacebisa ukuba iphepha libuyiselwe kumthengisi ukuze kuncitshiswe ilahleko. Esi siphakamiso saxhaswa ngumntu wonke. UArthur, intloko yenkampani. UShi Gute wayengacingi njalo. Wacinga ngokwenza imingxunya kwimiqulu yephepha, eyaba lula ukuyikrazula ibe ziingceba ezincinci. UShigutuo wabiza olu hlobo lwephepha ngokuthi "Sonny" iitawuli zephepha langasese waza wazithengisa kwizikhululo zikaloliwe, kwiindawo zokutyela, kwizikolo, njl. Waza wazibeka kwizindlu zangasese. Zazithandwa kakhulu kuba zazilula ukuzisebenzisa, kwaye zasasazeka kancinci kusapho ngokubanzi, zenza inzuzo eninzi kwinkampani. Kule mihla, iphepha langasese libe yinto ebalulekileyo ebomini bakho, kwaye lisinike izinto ezininzi eziluncedo ebomini ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.
Kwiindawo zamandulo ngaphambi kokuba kuqalwe iphepha lasekhaya lanamhlanje, abantu baqala ukusebenzisa iintlobo ngeentlobo zephepha "lasekhaya elilula", ezinje ngamagqabi elettuce, amalaphu, uboya, amagqabi engce, amagqabi ekoko okanye amagqabi ombona. AmaGrike amandulo ayezisa iibhloko ezimbalwa zodongwe okanye amatye xa esiya kwindlu yangasese, ngelixa amaRoma amandulo ayesebenzisa iintonga zomthi ezinesponji efakwe emanzini anetyuwa ebotshelelwe kwelinye icala. Abantu base-Inuit abakude eArctic banobuchule ekusebenziseni izinto zasekuhlaleni. Basebenzisa i-moss ehlotyeni kunye nekhephu njengephepha ebusika. "Iphepha lasekhaya" labemi baselunxwemeni nalo likwindawo ethile. Amaqokobhe kunye nolwandle "ziiphepha lasekhaya" zaselwandle abazinikwa lulwandle.
Ngokweengxelo zembali, amaTshayina aqala ukuyila aze aqala ukusebenzisa iphepha langasese. Kwinkulungwane yesi-2 BC, amaTshayina ayeyile iphepha langasese lokuqala kwihlabathi liphela. Ngenkulungwane ye-16 AD, iphepha langasese elalisetyenziswa ngamaTshayina lalibonakala likhulu ngokumangalisayo namhlanje, lingama-50 eesentimitha ububanzi kwaye lingama-90 eesentimitha ubude. Kakade ke, iphepha langasese elinjalo elinobunewunewu linokusetyenziswa kuphela ludidi olukhethekileyo olufana namalungu endlu yokumkani.
Ngephepha elincinci nje lendlu yangasese, sinokufumana ukuqonda ngenkqubo engqongqo yokulawula uluntu lwamandulo. Izikhulu zaseRoma zamandulo zazisebenzisa amalaphu oboya afakwe emanzini erosi njengephepha lendlu yangasese, ngelixa usapho lwasebukhosini lwaseFransi lwalukhetha ileyisi nesilika. Enyanisweni, abantu abaninzi abazizityebi kunye nabantu abazizityebi banokusebenzisa amagqabi e-cannabis kuphela.
Ngo-1857, umMelika ogama linguJoseph Gayetti waba ngusomashishini wokuqala kwihlabathi ukuthengisa iphepha langasese. Walibiza iphepha lakhe langasese ngokuthi “iphepha lezonyango laseGayetti”, kodwa eneneni eli phepha liphepha nje elimanzi elifakwe kwijusi ye-aloe vera. Nangona kunjalo, ixabiso lale mveliso intsha lisamangalisa. Ngelo xesha, intengiso enjalo yayikade isasazwa ezitalatweni nakwiindlela: “Iphepha lezonyango laseGayetti, iqabane elifanelekileyo lokuya kwindlu yangasese, yinto eyimfuneko yanamhlanje.” Nangona kunjalo, oku kuyinto engaqhelekanga, ukwazi ukuba uninzi lwabantu aludingi “iphepha lendlu yangasese legolide” kwaphela.
Ngo-1880, abazalwana uEdward Scott noClarence Scott baqala ukuthengisa ii-sanitary rolls esizaziyo namhlanje. Kodwa kwangoko nje ukuba imveliso entsha iphume, yagxekwa luluvo loluntu kwaye yabanjwa ziindlela zokuziphatha ezingavumelekanga. Kuba ngelo xesha, emehlweni abantu abaqhelekileyo, ukuboniswa esidlangalaleni nokuthengiswa kwephepha langasese evenkileni yayiyindlela yokuziphatha ehlazisayo nengafanelekanga eyayiyingozi kwimpilo yomzimba neyengqondo.
Iphepha langasese lasekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-19 nasekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yama-20 lalithambile kwaye likhululekile kunephepha langasese lanamhlanje, kwaye ukufunxwa kwalo amanzi kwakufikeleleka. Ngo-1935, imveliso entsha ebizwa ngokuba yi-"toilet paper engenakungcola" yaqala ukuthengiswa. Ngenxa yoku, akunzima ukucinga ukuba iphepha langasese langelo xesha kufuneka libe nokungcola okuninzi.
Akukho mathandabuzo ukuba iphepha langasese lidlala indima ebalulekileyo kubomi banamhlanje. Oku kuqinisekiswa kakuhle yileta yombulelo eyafunyanwa nguKimberly-Clark ngo-1944. Kule leta, urhulumente wase-US wancoma wathi: “Imveliso yenkampani yakho (iphepha langasese) ibe negalelo elikhulu ekunikezelweni kwemfazwe yehlabathi yesibini.”
Kwinkqubo ye-“Desert Storm” yeMfazwe yaseGulf, wenza igalelo elikhulu kumkhosi wase-US waza wadlala indima ebalulekileyo yobuchule. Ngelo xesha, umkhosi wase-US wawuqhuba imisebenzi yasentlango, kwaye iinduli zesanti ezimhlophe zazahluke kakhulu kwiitanki eziluhlaza, ezazinokuveza lula injongo. Ngenxa yokuba kwase kudlule ixesha lokuba zipeyintwe kwakhona, umkhosi wase-US kwafuneka ubophe iitanki ngephepha langasese ukuze zibonakale ngokukhawuleza.
Nangona iphepha lendlu yangasese liye lagxekwa kwaye lathukwa kwaye kwafuneka lithengiswe ngaphantsi komhlaba ngasemva kwevenkile, namhlanje sele ligqibile uhambo oluhle, laze langena kwi-T-platform laza lanyuselwa kumsebenzi wobugcisa kunye nemisebenzi yezandla. Abaculi abaziwayo bemifanekiso uChristopher, uAnastasia Elias kunye noTeruya Yongxian baqalile ukusebenzisa iphepha lendlu yangasese njengezinto zokudala. Kwishishini lemfashini, ukhuphiswano oludumileyo lwengubo yomtshato yephepha lendlu yangasese elingabizi kakhulu iMoschino lubanjwa minyaka le e-United States. Zonke iintlobo zeengubo zomtshato zephepha lendlu yangasese ezintsha nezinomtsalane ziyadibana ukuze zikhuphisane.
Iphepha lasekhaya lanamhlanje lidlule kwixesha elide lophuhliso olungaphezulu kweminyaka eli-100, kwaye lirekhoda ubulumko bomntu kunye nobuchule. Iphepha lasekhaya elinamabala amabini (elasungulwa ngo-1942) lihlanganisa isayensi kunye netekhnoloji ephucukileyo, ukuthamba kwalo kunye nokufunxwa kwamanzi kunokuchazwa njengento engazange ibonwe ngaphambili; isizukulwana samva nje sephepha lasekhaya siqulethe ulwelo olunesondlo sebhotolo ye-shea, esi siqhamo sendalo sibonwa njengesinemiphumo emihle yobuhle.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Disemba-11-2023